POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS OF STRATEGIC TRIANGLE AMONG CHINA, TAIWAN AND UNITED STATES (1996-2016)

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32358/rpd.2019.v5.413

Keywords:

trade development, strategic triangle, China, United States, Taiwan

Abstract

Purpose: The paper aims to analyze the political and economic relations between China and Taiwan from 1996 and 2016. Methodology/Approach: Multi-method methodology is applied to understand 20 years of complex interdependency relation between China and Taiwan. A logistic regression model is used to stablish the interactions among the variables and then a historical perspective provides an in-depth discussion regarding the political entities’ relationship. The findings: China as the principal Taiwanese trade partner provokes a dilemma to Taiwan, because these condition pressure to Taiwanese government adopt international insertion that don’t compromise the Chinese preferences. Also, China hostile diplomacy, situation in strategic triangle among China, Taiwan and United States, and electoral period correspond the other variables that influences Taiwanese political behavior. Research Limitation/implication: The analyses don’t cover the Tsai Ing-wen government but indicates the possibilities to the current administration. Originality/Value of paper: Although the paper has a historical limitation, the originality is the use of multi-method approach. This paper contributes in methodological and theorical assessment about economic and political relations between China and Taiwan.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Pedro Pietrafesa, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás

Graduação em Ciências Sociais pela Universidade Federal de Goiás. Mestre e Doutor em Ciências Sociais pela Universidade de Brasília. Professor do programa de Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Planejamento Territorial da PUC Goiás.

Amelia Gonçalves da Silva, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás

Mestranda do programa de Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Planejamento Territorial da PUC Goiás.

References

BULLARD, M. R. The Cross-Strait Crisis: the case for optimism. Journal of Contemporary China, v. 17, n. 54, p. 107-120, 2008.

BUSH III, Richard. The return of the Taiwan issue to U.S.-China relations. In: BROOKINGS SERIES ORDER FROM CHAOS: FOREIGN POLICY IN A TROUBLED WORLD, 2015.

BUSH III, Richard. Tsai’s inauguration in Taiwan: It could have been worse. In: BROOKINGS SERIES ORDER FROM CHAOS: FOREIGN POLICY IN A TROUBLED WORLD, 2016.

BUZAN, Barry; WAEVER, Ole. Regions and Powers: The Structure of International Security. Cambridge University Press, 2003.

CABESTAN, Jean-Pierre. Beijing’s Policy Towards President Tsai Ying-wen and the Future of Cross-Strait Relations. Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations. v.18, n.1, p.54-71, 2017.

CABESTAN, Jean-Pierre. Ma Ying-jeou’s Mainland policy since 2012: Ha it hardened and why?. In: 10th SYMPOSIUM ON “CHINA-EUROPE RELATIONS AND THE CROSS-STRAIT RELATIONS, Shanghai, China, 28-31 July 2013.

CHAN, Tara Francis. China is destroying imports that say ‘Made in Taiwan’ as part of its massive political crackdown. Business Insider [online]. 17 January 2018. At https://www.businessinsider.com/china-destroying-taiwan-labelled-imports-2018-1 (Accessed on 20 December 2018).

CHEN, Chien-Kai. Explaining the difference between Jiang Zemin’s and Hu Jintao’s attitudes towards the Taiwan issue. In: THE 2009 ANNUAL MEETING OF NORTHEASTERN POLITICAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION, 2009.

CHEN, Lu-huei; CHEN, Ying-nan; WANG, T.Y. Interest, identity, and people’s preference on the independence issue in Taiwan. In: HU, Weixing. New Dynamics in Cross-Taiwan Strait Relations: How far can the rapprochement go?. Routledge Editor, 2013.

CHRISTENSEN, Thomas. Taiwan’s Legislative Yuan elections and Cross-Strait Security Relations: Reduced tensions and remaining challenges, China Leadership Monitor, n.13, 2006.

CLARK, Cal. The changing dynamics of relations among China, Taiwan, and the United States. In: CLARK, Cal. The changing dynamics of relations among China, Taiwan, and the United States. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2011.

DITTMER, Lowell. Analyzing the Taiwan Strait Triangle. In: Wu, Yu-shan. Revisiting Theories on Cross-Strait Relations. Taipei: IPSAS & Wu Nan Publisher, 2012.

DITTMER, Lowell. The strategic triangle: An elementary game-theoretical analysis. World politics, v. 33, n. 4, p. 485-515, 1981.

DITTMER, Lowell. Washington between Beijing and Taipei: A Triangular Analysis. In: CLARK, Cal. The Changing Dynamics of Relations among China, Taiwan and the United States. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2011.

DREYER, June Teufel. The Japan-Taiwan Relationship: An Unstable Stability. Asia Policy, v. 26, n. 1, p. 161-166, 2019.

DUCHÂTEL, Mathieu. Between hedging and bandwagoning for profit: Taiwan’s Mainland policy under Ma Ying-jeou. In: TRACK TWO DIALOGUE ON EU-CHINA RELATIONS AND THE TAIWAN QUESTION, Shanghai, China, 5-6 June 2010.

FELL, Dafydd. Taiwan’s party system in the Ma Ying-jeou Era. In Jean-Pierre Cabestan and Jacques deLisle. Political Changes in Taiwan under Ma Ying-jeou: Partisan conflict, policy choices, external constrains and security challenges. Routledge Publish, 2014.

FUKUDA, Madoka. The Current Situation and Prospects for Taiwan under the Tsai Ing-wen Administration. In: JAPANESE VIEWS ON CHINA AND TAIWAN: IMPLICATIONS FOR U.S – JAPAN ALLIANCE. Washington DC, 2018.

GEORGE, Alexander; BENNETT, Andrew. Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences. Cambridge: MIT Press. 2005.

HASEGAWA, Masanori. Close Economic Exchange with a Threatening State: An Awkward Dilemma over China. Asian Security, v. 14, n. 2, p. 155-171, 2018.

HUANG, Jing. Hu Jintao’s pro-status quo approach in Cross-Strait relations: Building up an One-China framework for eventual reunification. In: CLARK, Cal. The Changing Dynamics of Relations among China, Taiwan and the United States. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2011.

HUANG, Min-hua. Taiwan’s Changing Political Landscape: The KMT’s Landslide Defeat in the Nine-in-One Elections. Brookings East Asia Commentary, December 2014.

LIN, Gang. Beijing’s new strategies toward a changing Taiwan. Journal of Contemporary China, v. 25, n.99, 2016.

LING, Neng-Shan. Lee Teng-hui’s “Two-State” Theory: Perceptions and Policy Change. Soochow Journal of Political Science, v. 29, n.4, 2011.

SAUTIN, Yevgen. Cross-Strait relations under Trump: A view from Taiwan. European Council on Foreign Relations [online]. 28 April 2017. At https://www.ecfr.eu/page/-/China_Analysis_Taiwan_Between_Xi_and_Trump.pdf (Accessed on 8 August 2018).

SHULONG, Chu, Mainland China’s peaceful development strategy and Cross-Strait relations. In: CABESTAN, Jean-Pierre; DELISLE, Jacques. Political Changes in Taiwan under Ma Ying-jeou: Partisan conflict, policy choices, external constrains and security challenges. Ed: Routledge, 2014.

STEFF, Reuben; DODD-PARR, Francesca. Examining the immanent dilemma of small states in the Asia-Pacific: the strategic triangle between New Zealand, the US and China. The Pacific Review, v. 32, n.1, p.90-112, 2019.

SEF. Negotiate Agreements. Straits Exchange Foundation. At: http://www.sef.org.tw/lp.asp?ctNode=4384&CtUnit=2569&BaseDSD=7&mp=300. Access on: 23 May 2018.

SZABO, Stephen F. Different Approaches to Russia: The German–American–Russian Strategic Triangle. German Politics, v. 27, n. 2, p. 230-243, 2018.

WEI, Yung. From functional integration to structural readjustment: Taipei–Beijing relations and the role of the United States. Journal of Contemporary China, v. 13, n. 40, p. 427-460, 2004.

WORMACK, Brandly; Wu, Yu-shan. Asymmetric Triangules and the Washington-Beijing-Taipei Relationship. In: WOMACK, Brantly. China among Unequals: Asymmetric Foreign Relations in Asia. Singapore: World Scientific Press, 2010.

WU, Yung; WU, Yenchun; WU, Shiann. Development and challenges of social enterprises in Taiwan—From the perspective of community development. Sustainability, v. 10, n. 6, p. 1797, 2018.

WU, Yu-shan. Revisiting Theories on Cross-Strait Relations. Taipei: IPSAS & Wu Nan Publisher, 2012.

WU, Yu-Shan. Strategic Triangle, Change of Guard, and Ma’s New Course. In: CLARK, Cal (ed). The changing dynamics of the relations among China, Taiwan, and the United States. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, p. 30-62, 2011.

WU, Yu-Shan. Taiwan’s Domestic Policy and Cross-Strait Relations. The China Journal, n.53, p.35-60, 2005.

YANG, Alan H.; CHIANG, Jeremy HC. Enabling Human Values in Foreign Policy: The Transformation of Taiwan’s New Southbound Policy. Journal of Human Values, v. 25, n. 2, p. 75-86, 2019.

YANG, Willian. Is Taiwan’s tourism industry too reliant on China?’ DW [online]. 15 May 2018. At https://www.dw.com/en/is-taiwans-tourism-industry-too-reliant-on-china/a-43777448, 2018.

ZHANG, Baohui. Peaceful unification vs. divided rule: Assessing political relations across the Taiwan Strait. In: HU, Weixing. New Dynamics in Cross-Strait Taiwan Relations: How far can the rapprochement go?, Routledge Editor, 2013.

Downloads

Published

2019-11-28

How to Cite

Pietrafesa, P., & Silva, A. G. da. (2019). POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS OF STRATEGIC TRIANGLE AMONG CHINA, TAIWAN AND UNITED STATES (1996-2016). Revista Produção E Desenvolvimento, 5. https://doi.org/10.32358/rpd.2019.v5.413

Issue

Section

Territorial Affairs