METHODOLOGY TO CALCULATE A INTRA-URBAN SOLAR POTENTIAL INDEX: INTEGRATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL, THERMO-PHYSICAL, CLIMATE AND SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32358/rpd.2018.v4.339Keywords:
solar energy, urban Mosaics, socio-demographic aspectsAbstract
The promotion of policies aimed at reducing energy demand and diversifying fossil fuels is an increasingly widespread practice worldwide. In this context, the insertion of energy efficiency measures and renewable energies in urban areas constitutes a significant contribution to the issue. In relation to this, generally, urban-energy studies approach cities as a uniform element. This impedes the promotion of specific policies designed for the particular characteristics of the territory. Consequently, this work presents a methodology for the analysis of the potential incorporation of solar energy systems in different urban sectors, including morphological-urban, thermo-physical and temperature variables of each sector; as well as the contribution of the socio-demographic dimension, which is fundamental for the application of energy policies. The proposed methodology is synthesized as follows: (i) subdivision and characterization of the city from urban-energy homogenous areas (HA); (ii) selection and analysis of morphological-urban, thermo-physical and climatic variables of representative urban portions (urban mosaics) in each AH; (iii) analysis of intra-urban solar potential based on a multi-variable index. In conclusion, substantial differences are observed between AHs, which leads to the design of specific measures for each sector.Downloads
References
ABDURAFIKOV, R.; GRAHNA, E.; KANNARI, L.; YPYÄ, J.; KAUKONENC, S; HEIMONENA, I.; PAIHOA, S. An analysis of heating energy scenarios of a Finnish case district. Sustainable Cities and Society, v. 32, p. 56–66, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2017.03.015
AMADO, M.; POGGI, F.; AMADO, A. Energy efficient city: a model for urban planning. Sustainable Cities and Society, v. 26, p. 476–485, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2016.04.011
BRITO, M.; FREITAS, S.; GUIMARÃES, S.; CATITA, C.; REDWEIK, P. The importance of facades for the solar PV potential of a Mediterranean city using LiDAR data. Renewable Energy, v. 111, p. 85-94, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.03.085
CHÉVEZ, P. Energías renovables y eficiencia energética. Análisis de medidas orientadas al sector residencial. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires: Diseño Editorial, 2017.
CHÉVEZ, P. Construcción de escenarios urbano-energéticos a partir de la implementación de estrategias de eficiencia energética y energías renovables en el sector residencial. 2018. Tesis de doctorado (Doctorado en Ciencias –Área Energías Renovables-) – Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta.
CHÉVEZ, P.; BARBERO, D.; MARTINI, I.; DISCOLI, C. Análisis de áreas homogéneas de consumo eléctrico residencial. Identificación de la incidencia de variables sociodemográficas y grados de consolidación. Avances en Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente –AVERMA-, v. 20, p. 1-12, 2016.
COMPAGNON, C. Solar and daylight availability in the urban fabric. Energy and Buildings, v. 36, p. 321–328, 2004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2004.01.009
DROUILLES, J.; LUFKIN, S.; REY, E. Energy transition potential in peri-urban dwellings: Assessment of theoretical scenarios in the Swiss context. Energy and Buildings, v. 148, p. 379–390, 2017. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.05.033
EICKER, U.; NOUVEL, R.; DUMINIL, E.; COORS, V. Assessing passive and active solar energy resources in cities using 3D city models. Energy Procedia, v. 57, p. 896 – 905, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.10.299
GADSDEN, S.; RYLATT, M.; LOMAS, K.; ROBINSON, D. Predicting the urban solar fraction: a methodology for energy advisers and planners based on GIS. Energy and Buildings, v. 35, p. 37–48, 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7788(02)00078-6
GHIASSI, N.; MAHDAVI, A. Reductive bottom-up urban energy computing supported by multivariate cluster analysis. Energy and Buildings, v. 144, p. 372–386, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.03.004
GIRARDIN, L.; MARECHAL, F.; DUBUIS, M.; CALAME-DARBELLAY, M.; FAVRAT, D. EnerGis: A geographical information based system for the evaluation of integrated energy conversion systems in urban areas. Energy, v. 35, p. 830–840, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2009.08.018
HOWARD, B.; PARSHALL, L.; THOMPSON, J.; HAMMERB, S.; DICKINSOND, J.; MODIA, V. Spatial distribution of urban building energy consumption by end use. Energy and Buildings, v. 45, p. 141–151, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.10.061
IEA. Indicadores de Eficiencia Energética: Bases Esenciales para el Establecimiento de Políticas. París: International Energy Agency, 2015
INDEC. Base de datos REDATAM SP del Censo nacional 2010. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires: Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos, 2016.
IRAM. Norma 11604. Aislamiento térmico de edificios. Verificación de sus condiciones higrotérmicas. Ahorro de energía en calefacción. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires: Instituto Argentino de Normalización, 2001.
LANSON, A.; RIGHINI, R.; BENITEZ, E.; BEZZO, E.; FILLOY, E.; ROLDÁN, A.; UNGER, H.; IANELLI, L.; GIL, S. Hacia un uso más eficiente del gas. Aprovechamiento de la energía solar en Argentina. En: Encuentro Latinoamericano de Uso Racional y Eficiente de la Energía, 1. 2013, Buenos Aires. Actas…Buenos Aires: Editorial Croquis, 2013.
MARTINI, I. Construcción de escenarios energéticos alternativos de desarrollo urbano: implementación de un modelo de simulación integral orientado al uso eficiente de la energía y sustitución de fuentes por renovables. Proyecto de Investigación Plurianual (PIP) 11220170100185CO -CONICET-. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, 2017.
MESA, A.; DE ROSA, C.; CORTEGOSO, J. Modelo gráfico computacional para la determinación del área de fachadas potencialmente colectoras en medios urbanos. Avances en Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente, v. 4, p. 1.20-1.31, 1999.
MINEM. Balance Energético Nacional 2014. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires: Ministerio de Energía y Minería, 2017.
MOROSI, J. Ciudad de La Plata: Tres décadas de reflexiones acerca de un singular espacio urbano. La Plata: LINTA-CIC, 1999.
MÖRTBERG, U.; GOLDENBERG, R.; KALANTARI, Z.; KORDAS, O.; DEAL, B.; BALFORS, B.; CVETKOVIC, V. Integrating ecosystem services in the assessment of urban energy trajectories – A study of the Stockholm Region. Energy Policy, v. 100, p. 338–349, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.09.031
ONU. World Urbanization Prospects. New York: Organización de las Naciones Unidas, 2014.
POLIS. Identification and mobilization of solar Potentials via local strategies (POLIS), Colonia: Intelligent Energy Europe, 2012.
SVEINBJÖRNSSON, D.; AMER-ALLAM, S.; BAVNHØJ, A.; ALGREN, L.; SCHRØDER PEDERSEN, A. Energy supply modelling of a low-CO2 emitting energy system: Case study of a Danish municipality. Applied Energy, v. 195, p. 922–941, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.03.086
VIEGAS, G.; CHÉVEZ, P.; DISCOLI, C.; SAN JUAN, G. Comportamiento energético de mosaicos urbanos representativos de la ciudad de La Plata en función de las condiciones térmicas externas. En: Encontro Nacional e Latino-Americano de Conforto no Ambiente Construído, 10. 2017, Camboriú. Actas… Porto Alegre: Associação Nacional de Tecnologia no Ambiente Construído, 2017.
VIEGAS, G. Evaluación del potencial energético e intervenciones de mejoramiento del entorno edilicio en áreas urbanas de media y baja consolidación. 2010. Tesis de doctorado (Doctorado en Ciencias –Área Energías Renovables-) – Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta.
WEC. Perspective input into the World Energy Council Scenarios: “Innovating Urban Energy”. Londres: World Energy Council, 2016.
WEGERTSEDER, P.; LUND, P.; MIKKOLA, J.; GARCÍA ALVARADO, P. Combining solar resource mapping and energy system integration methods for realistic valuation of urban solar energy potential. Solar Energy, v.135, p.325-336, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2016.05.061
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
All content on this work is licensed under a Creative Commons BY Attribution 4.0 Unported license. The articles are free to use, with their CC BY attributions of license.
The journal is not responsible for the opinions, ideas and concepts emitted in the texts, as they are the sole responsibility of its author (s).
The publisher has the right to reject articles that in the evaluation process have been detected signs of plagiarism. The articles that have been detected indications of plagiarism after the publication, will be excluded from the edition. And the indication of the problem will be informed in the place of the text, keeping the same amount of pages.
This journal adopts the principles of ethical conduct of international quality Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), as well as the parameters of Integrity in the Scientific Activity indicated by SCOPUS and SCIELO.
